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   文物展柜里面展示的文物發(fā)霉和霉菌污點(diǎn)是由空氣中滋生的多種多樣的微生物生成的。在通風(fēng)良好的溫濕度較低的環(huán)境條件下他們不可能“生長”器物即使受到影響，也能保持穩(wěn)定。

    木質(zhì)藏品，他們異?；钴S并組建造成結(jié)構(gòu)上的損壞。這些昆蟲能把木材內(nèi)部鉆孔，使外部成為一個(gè)薄薄的殼，然后把目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)到下一件藏品。他們留下的微粒，叫做蛀屑，是正在侵襲的證據(jù)。通常使用甲醛、甲基溴(溴化甲烷)或環(huán)氧乙烷蒸汽熏蒸滅殺。也可以使用綠化碳?xì)浠衔锖投喾N殺蟲劑配方的洗滌劑局部處理。鉆孔蟲病害主要存在于不通風(fēng)的溫暖環(huán)境、高濕環(huán)境以及樹脂含量低的木材中。

　微生物通常在相對(duì)濕度70%、溫度15攝氏度以上的熱帶地區(qū)、不流通或封閉環(huán)境中，以及在富含纖維素或蛋白質(zhì)材料的表面生長比較旺盛。在紙張或織物上它們會(huì)產(chǎn)生常見的黃褐色斑，但是也可以在許多材料表面形成各種顏色和形式的生物群體。

　出現(xiàn)輕微變色且不影響美觀時(shí)，可能只需簡單地降低相對(duì)濕度和溫度，并將器物放置在通風(fēng)良好的地方就足夠了，這樣可以使展品狀況穩(wěn)定。然而，長期儲(chǔ)存在熱帶環(huán)境條件下，污染可能加重，必須在機(jī)械清除孢子及其副產(chǎn)物之后進(jìn)行消毒和殺菌處理。

　用麝香草酚蒸汽誘捕并殺死印刷品和書畫上面微生物的傳統(tǒng)方法，現(xiàn)在仍在使用。也可以使用其他熏劑，例如甲醛蒸汽和環(huán)氧乙烷。人類學(xué)藏品、裝飾物、工業(yè)或農(nóng)業(yè)制品受到霉菌和真菌的持續(xù)侵害時(shí)，也可采取熏蒸處理。

The moldy cultural relics and mildew stains displayed in the cultural relics exhibition cabinet are generated by a variety of microorganisms growing in the air. It is impossible for them to "grow" utensils in a well ventilated environment with low temperature and humidity, even if they are affected, they can remain stable.

Wooden collections, they are extremely active and build into structural damage. These insects can drill the interior of the wood, making the exterior a thin shell, and then move the target to the next collection. The particles they leave behind, called mothballs, are evidence of an attack. Formaldehyde, methyl bromide (methyl bromide) or ethylene oxide are usually used for fumigation. It can also be treated locally with detergents formulated with green hydrocarbons and a variety of insecticides. The borer diseases mainly exist in the non ventilated warm environment, high humidity environment and wood with low resin content.

Microorganisms usually grow vigorously in tropical areas with relative humidity of 70% and temperature of more than 15 ℃, in non circulating or closed environment, and on surfaces rich in cellulose or protein materials. They can produce common yellow and brown spots on paper or fabric, but they can also form biological groups of various colors and forms on the surface of many materials.

In case of slight discoloration without affecting the appearance, it may be enough to simply reduce the relative humidity and temperature, and place the objects in a well ventilated place, so as to make the exhibits stable. However, long-term storage in the tropical environment may aggravate the pollution. It is necessary to disinfect and sterilize the spores and their by-products after mechanical removal.

The traditional method of trapping and killing microorganisms on printed matter and paintings with thymol steam is still in use. Other fumigants such as formaldehyde vapor and ethylene oxide can also be used. When anthropological collections, ornaments, industrial or agricultural products are continuously damaged by molds and fungi, they can also be fumigated.